One parking spot, taking into account transport routes, on average takes about 30 square meters. It is quite a lot, and in the conditions of a limited territory of the city, it is very expensive. Therefore, planning parking should be responsible. Globally, urban parking can be divided into two categories: long-term and short-term car storage. Assure yourself of this feature, when using nu car rental las vegas services.
In recent years, an increase in the car park has significantly exacerbated the problem of organizing places for their permanent storage and temporary accommodation (parking) at places of mass visits, especially in the central parts of major cities. A car is placed in the parking lot while the owner or the passenger is at work, in a store, in a cultural institution, and in other similar places, which distinguishes parking from a garage. There are also parking lots, fenced around the perimeter, spacing entry and exit points, security guards, time tracking systems and other automatic systems.
Specialists subdivide parking into the following types: ground (open, covered), multi-level (ground, underground and ground-underground), mechanized.
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Ground parking areas
The simplest are the ground areas, which are single-leveled open parking for vehicles. The territory for parking is limited only by markup and signs. They occupy large areas in cities, which reduce the small islands of lawns. To solve this problem, eco-parking spots are created using lawn grids that strengthen the soil and the grass root system. The result is a neat lawn of living grass, which the car can safely enter without damaging the plants. In large cities, parking lots are placed at low-rise buildings. The main feature of such buildings is the monolithic floors of the last floor and a layer of asphalt on top of waterproofing. The most expensive part of such parking lots is the overpass for the passage to the upper parking lot.
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Multi-level parking
This is the only effective way to solve the problem of storing vehicles in large quantities in a small area. They can accommodate from several hundred to several thousand cars. There are many variations of multi-level parking:
- They may be located in a separate building or attached to the dead end walls of the building.
- For the entry of cars, the rectilinear or curvilinear ramps, half-bulbs, sloping floors, elevator lifts, mechanized and automated lifts and manipulators can be arranged there.
- For the convenience and safety of the movement of vehicles between the levels, it can be divided by lifting and descent ramps.
Underground parking
They are located under business centers, residential complexes and some shopping centers. They can have several levels. Underground parking solves a number of environmental problems – such as environmental pollution, noise, crowding out the living space of neighborhoods. It does not distort the landscape and the architectural integrity of the city.
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Mechanized parking
The traditional ways of locating cars do not meet modern requirements. There are more and more cars, and there is less space. In order to reduce the losses in the areas, the cars need to be placed closer to each other. This is only possible if the driver does not participate in the process of parking the car. To solve this problem, mechanized parking was created. Cars are handed over for storage, after which they are automatically moved to the storage location.
Mechanized parking is a multilayered structure with an elevator and parking spaces for cars. The system is fully automated and controlled by a single operator. The driver only needs to put the car in the elevator and hand the operator a magnetic card. Then the elevator will lift the car to the desired tier, and then move it to the cell corresponding to the card code.
There are two types of mechanized parking: horizontal and vertical.
Vertical mechanized parking facilities are visible. Their outer lining can be different in terms of metal structures: reinforced concrete box, profile sheet, tinted and mirror glass. There are also multi-storey car parks containing a collapsible frame that has several racks with car storage cells. Recently, multi-tiered smart parking lots, operating on the principle of the Ferris wheel, have appeared: cars enter the parking lot, and then they are lifted up and placed in sections one above the other. That is, the car (and there may be up to 12 at a time) go up. To increase the capacity of existing garages and parking lots, special devices have been developed.
The lack of places for temporary storage of vehicles leads to the development of more and more new parking projects. The transport policy of the city should motivate people to use the parking space correctly – if there is a guest supermarket parking outside, it should not be used constantly by residents to store their cars. Therefore, the city must control the conditions of parking and prices to motivate people to keep cars in parking lots.